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Articles and Reviews: FILM
Beckett on Film
Sixteen of the nineteen plays in
the theatrical canon of Samuel Beckett have now been
filmed, as part of the RTE/Channel Four/Irish Film
Board Beckett on Film Project, and nine of them premiered
at this year’s Toronto International Film Festival.
Producer Michael Colgan told me that the genesis of
the project came, not surprisingly, from the theatre,
since he was responsible for bringing all of the plays
to Dublin’s Gate Theatre in 1991, and has subsequently
toured many of them abroad. Committing them to film
is a way of not having to keep doing them on stage.
However, he is conscious of the responsibility involved,
because the rights to film were given by the Beckett
estate only on the understanding that this would be
a one-off venture, so if it is messed up in any way
there will be no chance to do it differently later
on. Also, these films may well be the only versions
of some of the plays that a sizeable proportion of
their audience ever sees, so it is important to do
them justice. That said, he is chary of the term ‘definitive’,
because every time the plays are performed in a theatre
they will still be open to the possibility of change.
But he does accept that the film versions are unique.
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Each film stands in its own right
as an thoroughly individuated reading by the director
in question. Most of the shorter pieces were shown first
at the festival, in one sitting, and began with the
last play Beckett wrote, which was the first to be filmed,
Damien O’Donnell’s take on ‘What Where’.
It features Sean McGinley as Bam, who controls Bem,
Bim and Bom, who are all played - thanks to some special
effects not possible in the theatre - by Gary Lewis.
A sinister atmosphere prevails, as Bam sends the others
off in turn, to be given ‘the works’, and
so confess to an unnamed crime.
Sir Richard Eyre directs Penelope Wilton as the old
woman in ‘Rockaby’, who sits in her rocking
chair while calling on her own recorded voice - the
voice of memory - to speak.
David Mamet’s ‘Catastrophe’ has Harold
Pinter as the arrogant director and Rebecca Pidgeon
as his fawning assistant, who set about arranging The
Protagonist, played by the late John Gielgud in his
last ever on-screen performance. One of the few Beckett
plays with a detectable political subtext, it was written
as part of the campaign to have Vaclav Havel released
from prison.
Two grand old Dublin comic actors, David Kelly and Milo
O’Shea, are sparing partners in Kieron J Walsh’s
‘Rough for Theatre 1’, as a blind man and
a lame man, respectively. The only one of the series
shot in black and white, it features another mutually
dependent pair, like Vladimir and Estragon in ‘Waiting
for Godot’ and Hamm and Clov in ‘Endgame’,
who, although they are probably the last men alive,
still cannot agree to help one another. Walsh says he
chose it because he thought it the funniest and most
accessible play he found in the Collected Plays, reminding
him of a Laurel and Hardy film he once saw, and he is
a big Laurel and Hardy fan. Beckett revelled in the
possibilities offered by burlesque, music hall and farce,
and his one attempt at making a film, entitled ‘Film’,
starred Buster Keaton.
Anthony Minghella’s ‘Play’, more than
any of the other offerings, uses compositional resources
particular to the medium, with the camera functioning
as the spotlight does in the theatrical productions,
focusing on the faces of Alan Rickman, Juliet Stephenson
and Kristin Scott Thomas, as they enact their own spin
on the eternal adulterous triangle. But Minghella’s
camera also pulls back, jumps and pans, with visual
and aural feedback, in a way that did not entirely please
the Beckett estate. When permission was given it was
also stipulated that not a word or stage direction would
be changed, and while the text remains intact here,
liberties are taken with camera angles. But the visually
stunning results justify bending the rules.
Conor McPherson’s direction of ‘Endgame’
is a consistently thoughtful interpretation of a classic
work, with fantastic performances from Michael Gambon
and David Thewlis. Harking back to ‘Catastrophe’,
McPherson observed that without Beckett there would
be no Pinter, and without Pinter there would be no Mamet,
and without Mamet there would be no Tarantino. However,
despite the bleak vision and gallows humour of ‘Endgame’,
McPherson assured us that it was written, like most
of Beckett’s work, out of love for humanity.
Neil Jordan directs Julianne Moore as the disembodied
mouth delivering its stop/start monologue in ‘Not
I’.
Fellow Canadians Patricia Rozema and Atom Egoyan have
in common the fact that they both directed their favourite
Beckett plays. In pondering whether Beckett intended
Winnie to be buried up to her chest, and later her neck,
in a room or in a desert expanse, Rozema chose the latter
option, and ‘Happy Days’ was shot in Tenerife,
3000 feet above sea level, beside a volcano. Rosaleen
Lenihan, with Richard Johnson as Willie, never misses
an opportunity to highlight the humour, while also capturing
the underlying pathos, all this despite suffering altitude
sickness and smarting eyes from blowing sand.
When I interviewed Egoyan, who fought hard for ‘Krapp’s
Last Tape’, he told me that he first read the
play aged thirteen, and thought of his father, who made
recordings on open reel for most of his life. “It
helped me make sense of the nightmare of this compulsive
activity my father was engaged in.” He acknowledges
that his first short, made when he was eighteen, ‘Howard
in Particular’, is an openly plagiarised interpretation
of ‘Krapp’. Now 39, Egoyan is the same age
Krapp was when he made the tape he listens to in the
play as a disillusioned 69-year-old, with contempt for
the younger self he hears. “This is the purest
expression of all my work as a director, which is the
interpretation of performance and text.” John
Hurt employs his distinctive vocal range to its fullest,
rendering Beckett’s words all the more potent
and profound, in what is the most autobiographical of
the writer’s dramatic works.
Filming is now at an advanced stage, and all nineteen
films will be completed by the autumn. The entire slate
of the 1969 Nobel Prize winner’s plays will total
eleven hours of programming. Still to come are Damien
Hirst’s one minute ‘Breath’, Walter
Asmus’ ‘Waiting for Godot’ and ‘Footfalls’,
Karel Reisz’s ‘Act Without Words 1’
and Enda Hughes’ ‘Act Without Words 2’,
among others. Colgan’s fellow producer, Alan Moloney
of Parallel Films, is delighted with the enthusiastic
response so far, the most up-front of his career to
date, with two American distributors vying to pick the
project up.
First published in Film Ireland
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